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マジックミシルの Psychedelic メジカル作用について、科学者たちは新しい研究結果を発表しました。25mg の単回投与で、脳内神経伝達路が一ヶ月後も変化していることが判明し、心理的洞察力や幸福感、認知の柔軟性の向上につながったというのです。
専門的な画像検査により、水が神経束に沿ってどのように拡散するかを測定し、 Psychedelic の投与後、一部の神経伝達路が密度と強度が増したことがわかりました。これは年齢や認知症の場合には逆であると報告されています。
研究責任者のロビン・カーハート＝ハリス教授は「一つの単回投与でも脳内に変化があること自体、非常に驚くべきことです」と述べています。「しかし、これらの変化がどのような意味を持つかはまだ分かりません。全体的には、参加者が幸福感や認知の柔軟性を向上させたという心理的な変化を示しました」。
また、神経伝達路のエントロピー（複雑さ）が最も増した参加者は、一ヶ月後の心理的洞察力と幸福感の向上に最も関連すると報告されました。カーハート＝ハリス教授は「これはペーシフィケーションによる心療作用を示唆しています」と述べています。
アレックス・クアン准教授は、「マウスでの研究では、ペーシフィケーション（神経細胞間の接続再編成）がPsilocybinの治療効果の根底にある可能性がある」と指摘しています。ただし、この研究は被験者が少ないことや、DTI（水分子の拡散測定技術）は脳内接続を間接的に且つ限定的に捉えるものであることに注意が必要です。
A small study found that a single 25mg dose of psilocybin produced measurable brain changes that were still visible a month later, along with reported improvements in psychological insight, wellbeing, and mental flexibility. The Guardian reports: Evidence for the changes came from specialized scans that measured the diffusion of water along nerve bundles in the brain. They suggested that some nerve tracts had become denser and more robust after the drug was taken. While the findings are preliminary, the scientists said the opposite was seen in ageing and dementia. "It's remarkable to see potential anatomical brain changes one month after a single dose of any drug," said Prof Robin Carhart-Harris, a neurologist at the University of California, San Francisco, and senior author on the study. "We don't yet know what these changes mean, but we do note that overall, people showed positive psychological changes in this study, including improved wellbeing and mental flexibility."
[...] Writing in Nature Communications, the researchers describe another key finding. Those who had the largest spike in brain entropy after psilocybin were most likely to report deeper psychological insight and better wellbeing a month later, underlining the link between flexible thinking and improved mental health. "It suggests a psychobiological therapeutic action for psilocybin," said Carhart-Harris. Prof Alex Kwan, a neuroscientist at Cornell University in New York, said studies in mice had shown that psychedelics can rewire connections between nerves, a form of "plasticity" that could underlie their therapeutic effects. The big question is whether the same occurs in humans. "This study comes closer than most to addressing that question, by giving evidence of lasting changes in brain structure after psychedelic use," he said. But while the results were "exciting," the study involved a small number of people and DTI provides an indirect and limited view of brain connections, he said.
Read more of this story at Slashdot.
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