🤖 AI Summary
新しいガス発電プロジェクトは、アメリカの11つのデータセンターキャンパスを対象としており、これらの施設が排出する温室効果ガス量は2024年のモロッコの全排出量を超える可能性があると報告されている。WIREDは、これらの天然ガスプロジェクトが米国の主要なAI企業(OpenAI, Meta, Microsoft, xAIなど)を支援するために建設されると指摘し、年間1億2900万トン以上の温室効果ガスを排出する見込みがあると推定している。これはテクノロジー企業による大量の電力契約獲得競争の一端を占めるもので、データセンター開発者は伝統的な電力供給会社への接続待ちや料金上昇に対する公的反対に対抗するため、自家発電を選択している。
エネルギー研究者ジョhn Koomeyは、データセンターの急速な成長が最適なガスタービンの不足を招き、効率の悪いモデルに移行させていると指摘し、これにより排出量も増加すると述べた。また、Michael Thomasは、この自家発電は「異常な速度で排出量を増加させる」と警告している。
実際の排出量は許可書上の数値よりも低くなる可能性があるが、それでもこれらのプロジェクトからの温室効果ガス排出量は2024年のノルウェーと同等になり、これは環境保護局(EPA)によれば153基以上の平均的な天然ガス発電所の排出量に相当する。この記事では、データセンターキャンパス上の緊急バックアップジェネレーターやタービンからの排出は含まれていない。
An anonymous reader quotes a report from Wired: New gas projects linked to just 11 data center campuses around the US have the potential to create more greenhouse gases than the country of Morocco emitted in 2024. Emissions estimates from air permit documents examined by WIRED show that these natural gas projects -- which are being built to power data centers to serve some of the US's most powerful AI companies, including OpenAI, Meta, Microsoft, and xAI -- have the potential to emit more than 129 million tons of greenhouse gases per year. As tech companies race to secure massive power deals to build out hundreds of data centers across the country, these projects represent just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the potential climate cost of the AI boom.
The infrastructure on this list of large natural gas projects reviewed by WIRED is being developed to largely bypass the grid and provide power solely for data centers, a trend known as behind-the-meter power. As data center developers face long waits for connections to traditional utilities, and amid mounting public resistance to the possibility of higher energy bills, making their own power is becoming an increasingly popular option. These projects have either been announced or are under construction, with companies already submitting air permit application materials with state agencies. [...] The emissions projections for the xAI and Microsoft projects, and all the others on WIRED's list, were pulled directly from publicly-available air permit documents in state databases as well as public air permit materials collected by both Cleanview and Oil and Gas Watch, a database maintained by the Environmental Integrity Project, an environmental enforcement nonprofit. Actual greenhouse gas emissions from power plants are usually lower than what's on their air permits. Air permit modeling is based on the scenario of a power plant constantly running at full capacity. That's rarely the reality for grid-connected power plants, as turbines go offline for maintenance or adjust to the ebbs and flows of customer demand.
"Permitted emission numbers represent a theoretical, conservative scenario, not the actual projected emissions," Alex Schott, the director of communications at Williams Companies, an oil and gas company that is building out three behind-the-meter power plants in Ohio for Meta, told WIRED in an email. Internal modeling done by the company, Schott added, shows that actual emissions could be "potentially two-thirds less than what's on paper." The projections involved, however, are still substantial. Even if the actual emissions from these power plants end up being half of the emissions numbers on the permits, they still could create more greenhouse gas emissions than the country of Norway emitted in 2024. This number is, according to the EPA, equivalent to the emissions from more than 153 average-sized natural gas plants. (WIRED's analysis does not include emissions from backup generators and turbines on the data center campuses themselves, which create smaller amounts of emissions.)
Energy researcher Jon Koomey says the data center boom has created a shortage of the most efficient gas turbines, pushing some developers toward less efficient models that would need to run longer and produce more emissions. "[Data center operators'] belief is that the value being delivered by the servers is much, much more than the cost of running these inefficient power plants all the time," he said.
Michael Thomas, the founder of clean energy research firm Cleanview, has been tracking gas permits for data centers across the country. He calls behind-the-meter power "a crazy acceleration of emissions." He added: "It's almost like we thought we were on the downside of the Industrial Revolution, retiring coal and gas, and now we have a new hump where we're going to rise. That terrifies me in a lot of ways."
Read more of this story at Slashdot.