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タイトル：生活するミシルイウムから作られたドレスは自己修復が可能
中国の研究者が開発した生活するミシルイウムテキスタイルは、栄養液と新鮮な菌類を用いて自身で清掃し、表面を再生したり穴を一部修復することができます。この材料は酵母や他の真菌と共に共培養することで青色 PigmentやUV耐性などの追加機能も得られます。
研究者のLi氏らは「プログラミブル ファンギュラープラットフォーム」と呼ぶシステムで、ミシルイウムをモジュールとして扱い、色やUV耐性など追加の生物機能が「プラグアンドプレイ」の追加アドオンとなりました。このテキスタイルは自修復、環境対応性、コントローラブルな機能性というエンジニアード ライフ シリーズ材料の有望な特性に近づきます。
ELMの自己再生と半自動的修復機能はミシルイウムベース構造から来ます。45度で乾燥させた後、材料は完全に生きても完全には死んでいない低代謝、眠るような状態になり、新規成長を促すためにはポテトウォーターの栄養液を適用し、無活性のミシルイウムが発芽して新しい菌糸を生じさせ、材料の表面を再生します。この栄養液と新鮮な真菌を穴上に APPLYすることで、生きる細胞が穴を埋め縫いなしで修復します。
また自然に自清掃機能があり、水滴は弾きます。「その特徴的な表面質感、生物色付け、コントロールされた修理とバイオ降解性は、視覚表現や特定の製品ライフタイムが必要なアプリケーションにおいて特に有用である」とLi氏は述べています。しかし、「耐久性、湿気耐性、安全性、そして生産の一貫性のさらなる改善が必要であり、それは通常の衣服または永久建築用途で使用される前に考慮する必要があります」。
Researchers in China have developed a living mycelium textile that can self-clean, renew its surface, and partially repair holes when treated with a nutrient solution and fresh fungus. The material can also gain added properties such as blue pigmentation or UV resistance by co-culturing it with yeast or other fungi. Dezeen reports: The breakthrough from the researchers at the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology is a type of engineered living material (ELM) -- a material built off living organisms that stay active even after they're fabricated into their final form. [...] By working with living but dormant cordyceps militaris fungus instead, the researchers have been able to take advantage of its biological functions. The result is a material that is self-renewing and responsive to its environment, in ways that could one day transform architecture and clothing -- as seen in a prototype dress created together with material innovation company Peelshere.
It can also be adapted by mixing in other fungi or yeast, lead researcher Ke Li and her team detail in a paper in the peer-reviewed journal Science Advances. In it, they describe a "programmable fungal platform" where mycelium is treated like a modular system, with the sheet material forming a base structure and extra biological abilities, such as colour and UV resistance, becoming "plug-and-play" add-ons via other organisms. This gets their textile closer to the self-repair, environmental responsiveness and controllable functionality that is the promise of engineered living materials, they argue.
The ELM's self-renewing and semi-repairing functionality comes from the mycelium base structure. Following drying at 45 degrees, the material is not quite living and not quite dead, but instead in a "low-metabolic, dormant-like state", Li told Dezeen, meaning it is not actively growing. However, new growth can be triggered by applying a nutrient solution of potato water, leading the dormant mycelium to germinate, send out new fungal filaments and renew the material's surface. When this nutrient solution is applied over a hole, along with a small patch of fresh fungus, it triggers the living cells to grow across the gap, seamlessly repairing the surface without any adhesives or stitching. The material is also naturally self-cleaning, as it is hydrophobic. "Its distinctive surface texture, biological colouring, controlled repair and biodegradability may be particularly useful in applications where visual expression and a defined product lifetime are important," said Li.
"Further improvements in durability, moisture resistance, safety and manufacturing consistency would be needed before it could be considered for routine clothing or permanent architectural use."
Read more of this story at Slashdot.
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