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魔法 Mushrooms(モーフィン)の単回量摂取が脳に著しい解剖学的変化をもたらす可能性についての研究結果が報告されています。カリフォルニア大学旧金山校のRobin Carhart-Harris博士-ledのチームは、25mgのPsilocybin摂取後1ヶ月で、水素子沿いの脳内神経束の伝導性を測定した専門的なスキャンから、特定の神経束がより密集して強化されたことを確認しました。これらの変化は高齢化や認知症と逆向きであることが示されました。
また、PSilocybin摂取後脳エントロピー(複雑性)の大幅な上昇が最も大きい被験者は、1ヶ月後に深い精神的洞察力とより良い幸福感を報告したという重要な見解も得られました。これらの結果は、灵活な思考が精神健康にどのように関連しているかを示唆しています。
Carhart-Harris博士は、「単回量摂取後の脳の形質変化を見るのは驚異的である」と述べています。ただし、この研究は初期段階であり、被験者が少ないことやDTI(磁気共鳴断層像)は脳接続を間接的に評価するため限られているという点に注意が必要です。
カーナイル大学のAlex Kwan博士は、小鼠実験で幻覚剤が神経接続を再構築し、「柔軟性」という形で治療効果をもたらす可能性があると指摘しています。しかし、人間において同じような現象が起こるかどうかはまだ不明です。
A small study found that a single 25mg dose of psilocybin produced measurable brain changes that were still visible a month later, along with reported improvements in psychological insight, wellbeing, and mental flexibility. The Guardian reports: Evidence for the changes came from specialized scans that measured the diffusion of water along nerve bundles in the brain. They suggested that some nerve tracts had become denser and more robust after the drug was taken. While the findings are preliminary, the scientists said the opposite was seen in ageing and dementia. "It's remarkable to see potential anatomical brain changes one month after a single dose of any drug," said Prof Robin Carhart-Harris, a neurologist at the University of California, San Francisco, and senior author on the study. "We don't yet know what these changes mean, but we do note that overall, people showed positive psychological changes in this study, including improved wellbeing and mental flexibility."
[...] Writing in Nature Communications, the researchers describe another key finding. Those who had the largest spike in brain entropy after psilocybin were most likely to report deeper psychological insight and better wellbeing a month later, underlining the link between flexible thinking and improved mental health. "It suggests a psychobiological therapeutic action for psilocybin," said Carhart-Harris. Prof Alex Kwan, a neuroscientist at Cornell University in New York, said studies in mice had shown that psychedelics can rewire connections between nerves, a form of "plasticity" that could underlie their therapeutic effects. The big question is whether the same occurs in humans. "This study comes closer than most to addressing that question, by giving evidence of lasting changes in brain structure after psychedelic use," he said. But while the results were "exciting," the study involved a small number of people and DTI provides an indirect and limited view of brain connections, he said.
Read more of this story at Slashdot.